Early Labour signs

Recognizing the onset of labor involves being aware of various signs, such as:

• Contractions or tightening of the uterus
• The emergence of a "show," signified by the discharge of mucus from the cervix (the gateway to the womb)
• Experiencing backache
• Feeling the urge to use the toilet, often due to the pressure of your baby's head on the bowel
• The rupture of the amniotic sac, commonly referred to as "your waters breaking"

It's important to note that the early (latent) phase of labor may be a gradual process, taking some time to fully unfold.

The initial stage of labor is known as the latent phase. During this phase, your cervix undergoes changes, becoming soft, thin, and beginning to dilate to accommodate your baby's birth. This process can extend over several hours or, in some cases, even days. Typically, you'll receive guidance to remain at home during this phase. If you decide to head to the hospital or maternity unit, they might recommend returning home.

Call your midwife if you're unsure or worried about anything.

During labor, contractions play a pivotal role. They involve your womb tightening and then subsequently relaxing. For some individuals, contractions can resemble intense menstrual cramps. Throughout your pregnancy, especially in the later stages, you may have experienced contractions known as Braxton Hicks contractions, which are typically not painful.

As your labor progresses, your contractions tend to grow longer, more intense, and closer together. When a contraction occurs, your abdominal muscles contract, and the discomfort intensifies. Placing your hand on your abdomen, you'll notice it becoming firmer. When the muscles relax, the pain subsides, and the firmness gradually diminishes. These contractions serve the purpose of guiding your baby downward and facilitating the opening of the cervix, the entrance to the womb. Typically, your midwife will recommend staying home until your contractions become frequent.

It's advisable to contact your midwife or the maternity unit for guidance when your contractions follow a regular pattern, lasting at least 60 seconds and occurring every 5 minutes, or if you believe you may be in labor.

The amniotic sac, a protective fluid-filled casing, envelops your growing baby. Normally, when the time comes for your baby to be born, the amniotic sac breaks open, and the amniotic fluid within it drains through your vagina, a phenomenon referred to as "your waters breaking." This can occur either during labor or before labor initiates.

When your waters break naturally, you might experience a gradual trickle or a sudden, uncontrollable gush of fluid. To prepare for this eventuality, it's a good idea to keep a sanitary towel (avoid tampons) on hand when you're going out and place a protective sheet on your bed.

Amniotic fluid is typically clear and pale in color. Occasionally, distinguishing amniotic fluid from urine can be challenging. When your waters break, the discharged fluid may initially have a slight bloodstain.

Tell your midwife immediately if:

• the waters are smelly or coloured
• you're losing blood

If your waters break before labour starts, call your midwife.

Use a sanitary pad (not a tampon) so your midwife can check the colour of the waters.

If labour does not start after your waters break

Typically, labour commences within 24 hours of your waters breaking. If labour does not begin within this timeframe, you will likely be recommended an induction. This is because, without the protective amniotic fluid, there is an elevated risk of infection for your baby.

While awaiting your induction or if you opt to await the onset of natural labour you should contact your midwife immediately if you notice any of the following:

• A reduction in your baby's usual movements
• Any alteration in the colour or odour of vaginal discharge

Take your temperature every 4 hours while you are awake, and notify your midwife if your temperature is raised. Typically, a raised temperature is considered above 37.5°C, but it's advisable to consult your midwife for any variations.

There is no evidence indicating that taking a bath or shower after your waters have broken increases the risk of infection. However, engaging in sexual activity during this period may pose such a risk.